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    Static Routes

    • Network > Virtual Routers > Static Routes
    Optionally add one or more static routes. Click the
    IP
     or
    IPv6
     tab to specify the route using an Pv4 or IPv6 address. It is usually necessary to configure default routes (0.0.0.0/0) here. Default routes are applied for destinations that are otherwise not found in the virtual router’s routing table.
    Static Route Settings
    Description
    Name
    Enter a name to identify the static route (up to 31 characters). The name is case-sensitive and must be unique. Use only letters, numbers, spaces, hyphens, and underscores.
    Destination
    Enter an IP address and network mask in Classless Inter-domain Routing (CIDR) notation: ip_address
    /
    mask (for example, 192.168.2.0/24 for IPv4 or 2001:db8::/32 for IPv6).
    Interface
    Select the interface to forward packets to the destination, or configure the next hop settings, or both.
    Next Hop
    Select one of the following:
    • IP Address
      —Select to enter the IP address of the next hop router.
    • Next VR
      —Select to select a virtual router in the firewall as the next hop. This allows you to route internally between virtual routers within a single firewall.
    • Discard
      —Select if you want to drop traffic that is addressed to this destination.
    • None
      —Select if there is no next hop for the route.
    Admin Distance
    Specify the administrative distance for the static route (10-240; default is 10).
    Metric
    Specify a valid metric for the static route (1 - 65535).
    Route Table
    Select the route table into which the firewall installs the static route:
    • Unicast
      —Installs the route into the unicast route table.
    • Multicast
      —Installs the route into the multicast route table.
    • Both
      —Installs the route into the unicast and multicast route tables.
    • No Install
      —Does not install the route in the route table (RIB); the firewall retains the static route for future reference until you delete the route.
    BFD Profile
    To enable Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD) for a static route on a PA-3000 Series, PA-5000 Series, PA-5200 Series, PA-7000 Series, or VM-Series firewall, select one of the following:
    • default
       (default BFD settings)
    • a BFD profile that you have created on the firewall
    • New BFD Profile
       to create a new BFD profile
    Select
    None (Disable BFD)
     to disable BFD for the static route.
    To use BFD on a static route:
    • Both the firewall and the peer at the opposite end of the static route must support BFD sessions.
    • The static route
      Next Hop
       type must be
      IP Address
       and you must enter a valid IP address.
    • The
      Interface
       setting cannot be
      None
      ; you must select an interface (even if you are using a DHCP address).
    Path Monitoring
    Select to enable path monitoring for the static route.
    Failure Condition
    Select the condition under which the firewall considers the monitored path down and thus the static route down:
    • Any
      —If any one of the monitored destinations for the static route is unreachable by ICMP, the firewall removes the static route from the RIB and FIB and adds the dynamic or static route that has the next lowest metric going to the same destination to the FIB.
    • All
      —If all of the monitored destinations for the static route are unreachable by ICMP, the firewall removes the static route from the RIB and FIB and adds the dynamic or static route that has the next lowest metric going to the same destination to the FIB.
    Select
    All
     to avoid the possibility of a single monitored destination signaling a static route failure when that monitored destination is simply offline for maintenance, for example.
    Preemptive Hold Time (min)
    Enter the number of minutes a downed path monitor must remain in Up state—the path monitor evaluates all of its member monitored destinations and must remain Up before the firewall reinstalls the static route into the RIB. If the timer expires without the link going down or flapping, the link is deemed stable, path monitor can remain Up, and the firewall can add the static route back into the RIB.
    If the link goes down or flaps during the hold time, path monitor fails and the timer restarts when the downed monitor returns to Up state. A
    Preemptive Hold Time
     of zero causes the firewall to reinstall the static route into the RIB immediately upon the path monitor coming up. Range is 0-1,440; default is 2.
    Name
    Enter a name for the monitored destination (up to 31 characters).
    Enable
    Select to enable path monitoring of this specific destination for the static route; the firewall sends ICMP pings to this destination.
    Source IP
    Select the IP address that the firewall will use as the source in the ICMP ping to the monitored destination:
    • If the interface has multiple IP addresses, select one.
    • If you select an interface, the firewall uses the first IP address assigned to the interface by default.
    • If you select
      DHCP (Use DHCP Client address)
      , the firewall uses the address that DHCP assigned to the interface. To see the DHCP address, select
      Network
      Interfaces
      Ethernet
       and in the row for the Ethernet interface, click on
      Dynamic DHCP Client
      . The IP Address appears in the Dynamic IP Interface Status window.
    Destination IP
    Enter a robust, stable IP address or address object for which the firewall will monitor the path. The monitored destination and the static route destination must use the same address family (IPv4 or IPv6)
    Ping Interval (sec)
    Specify the ICMP ping interval in seconds to determine how frequently the firewall monitors the path (pings the monitored destination; range is 1-60; default is 3).
    Ping Count
    Specify the number of consecutive ICMP ping packets that do not return from the monitored destination before the firewall considers the link down. Based on the
    Any
     or
    All
     failure condition, if path monitoring is in failed state, the firewall removes the static route from the RIB (range is 3-10; default is 5).
    For example, a Ping Interval of 3 seconds and Ping Count of 5 missed pings (the firewall receives no ping in the last 15 seconds) means path monitoring detects a link failure. If path monitoring is in failed state and the firewall receives a ping after 15 seconds, the link is deemed up; based on the
    Any
     or
    All
     failure condition, path monitoring to
    Any
     or
    All
     monitored destinations can be deemed up, and the Preemptive Hold Time starts.

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