Configure Multi-Factor Authentication
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Configure Multi-Factor Authentication
To use Multi-Factor
Authentication (MFA) for protecting sensitive services and
applications, you must configure Captive Portal to display a web
form for the first authentication factor and to record Authentication
Timestamps. The firewall uses the timestamps to evaluate
the timeouts for Authentication
Policy rules. To enable additional authentication factors,
you can integrate the firewall with MFA vendors through RADIUS or
vendor APIs. After evaluating Authentication policy, the firewall
evaluates Security policy, so you must configure rules for both
policy types.
Palo Alto Networks provides support for MFA vendors through Applications content
updates. This means that if you use Panorama to push device group
configurations to firewalls, you must install the same Applications
updates on the firewalls as on Panorama to avoid mismatches
in vendor support.
MFA vendor API integrations are supported
for end-user authentication through Authentication Policy only.
For remote user authentication to GlobalProtect portals or gateways
or for administrator authentication to the PAN-OS or Panorama web interface,
you can only use MFA vendors supported through RADIUS or SAML; MFA services
through vendor APIs are not supported in these use cases.
- Configure Captive Portal inRedirectmode to display a web form for the first authentication factor, to record authentication timestamps, and to update user mappings.
- Configure one of the following server profiles to define how the firewall will connect to the service that authenticates users for the first authentication factor.
- Add a RADIUS server profile. This is required if the firewall integrates with an MFA vendor through RADIUS. In this case, the MFA vendor provides the first and all additional authentication factors, so you can skip the next step (configuring an MFA server profile). If the firewall integrates with an MFA vendor through an API, you can still use a RADIUS server profile for the first factor but MFA server profiles are required for the additional factors.
In most cases, an external service is recommended for the first authentication factor. However, you can configure Configure Local Database Authentication as an alternative. - Add an MFA server profile.The profile defines how the firewall connects to the MFA server. Add a separate profile for each authentication factor after the first factor. The firewall integrates with these MFA servers through vendor APIs. You can specify up to three additional factors. Each MFA vendor provides one factor, though some vendors let users choose one factor out of several.
- SelectandDeviceServer ProfilesMulti Factor AuthenticationAdda profile.
- Enter aNameto identify the MFA server.
- Select theCertificate Profilethat the firewall will use to validate the MFA server certificate when establishing a secure connection to the MFA server.
- Select theMFA Vendoryou deployed.
- Configure theValueof each vendor attribute.The attributes define how the firewall connects to the MFA server. Each vendorTyperequires different attributes and values; refer to your vendor documentation for details.
- ClickOKto save the profile.
- Configure an authentication profile.The profile defines the order of the authentication factors that users must respond to.
- SelectandDeviceAuthentication ProfileAdda profile.
- Enter aNameto identify the authentication profile.
- Select theTypefor the first authentication factor and select the correspondingServer Profile.
- SelectFactors,Enable Additional Authentication Factors, andAddthe MFA server profiles you configured.The firewall will invoke each MFA service in the listed order, from top to bottom.
- ClickOKto save the authentication profile.
- The object associates each authentication profile with a Captive Portal method. The method determines whether the first authentication challenge (factor) is transparent or requires a user response.Select theAuthentication Profileyou configured and enter aMessagethat tells users how to authenticate for the first factor. The message displays in the Captive Portal web form.If you set theAuthentication Methodtobrowser-challenge, the Captive Portal web form displays only if Kerberos SSO authentication fails. Otherwise, authentication for the first factor is automatic; users won’t see the web form.
- The rule must match the services and applications you want to protect and the users who must authenticate.
- SelectandPoliciesAuthenticationAdda rule.
- Enter aNameto identify the rule.
- SelectSourceandAddspecific zones and IP addresses or selectAnyzones or IP addresses.The rule applies only to traffic coming from the specified IP addresses or from interfaces in the specified zones.
- SelectUserand select orAddthe source users and user groups to which the rule applies (default isany).
- SelectDestinationandAddspecific zones and IP addresses or selectanyzones or IP addresses.The IP addresses can be resources (such as servers) for which you want to control access.
- SelectService/URL Categoryand select orAddthe services and service groups for which the rule controls access (default isservice-http).
- Select orAddthe URL Categories for which the rule controls access (default isany). For example, you can create a custom URL category that specifies your most sensitive internal sites.
- SelectActionsand select theAuthentication Enforcementobject you created.
- Specify theTimeoutperiod in minutes (default 60) during which the firewall prompts the user to authenticate only once for repeated access to services and applications.Timeoutis a tradeoff between tighter security (less time between authentication prompts) and the user experience (more time between authentication prompts). More frequent authentication is often the right choice for access to critical systems and sensitive areas such as a data center. Less frequent authentication is often the right choice at the network perimeter and for businesses for which the user experience is key.
- ClickOKto save the rule.
- Customize the MFA login page.The firewall displays this page to tell users how to authenticate for MFA factors and to indicate the authentication status (in progress, succeeded, or failed).
- Selectand selectDeviceResponse PagesMFA Login Page.
- Select thePredefinedresponse page andExportthe page to your client system.
- On your client system, use an HTML editor to customize the downloaded response page and save it with a unique filename.
- Return to the MFA Login Page dialog on the firewall,Importyour customized page,Browseto select theImport File, select theDestination(virtual system orsharedlocation), clickOK, and clickClose.
- Configure a Security policy rule that allows users to access the services and applications that require authentication.
- Commityour changes.The automated correlation engine on the firewall uses several correlation objects to detect events on your network that could indicate credential abuse relating to MFA. To review the events, select.MonitorAutomated Correlation EngineCorrelated Events
- Verify that the firewall enforces MFA.
- Log in to your network as one of the source users specified in the Authentication rule.
- Request a service or application that matches one of the services or applications specified in the rule.The firewall displays the Captive Portal web form for the first authentication factor. The page contains the message you entered in the authentication enforcement object. For example:
- Enter your user credentials for the first authentication challenge.The firewall then displays an MFA login page for the next authentication factor. For example, the MFA service might prompt you to select the Voice, SMS, push, or PIN code (OTP) authentication method. If you select push, your phone prompts you to approve the authentication.
- Authenticate for the next factor.The firewall displays an authentication success or failure message. If authentication succeeded, the firewall displays an MFA login page for the next authentication factor, if any.Repeat this step for each MFA factor. After you authenticate for all the factors, the firewall evaluates Security policy to determine whether to allow access to the service or application.
- End the session for the service or application you just accessed.
- Start a new session for the same service or application. Be sure to perform this step within theTimeoutperiod you configured in the Authentication rule.The firewall allows access without re-authenticating.
- Wait until theTimeoutperiod expires and request the same service or application.The firewall prompts you to re-authenticate.