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    Editable Parameters in CN-Series Deployment YAML Files
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    3. CN-Series Firewall Deployment Modes
    4. Deploy the CN-Series Firewalls
    5. Editable Parameters in CN-Series Deployment YAML Files
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    CN-Series

    Editable Parameters in CN-Series Deployment YAML Files

    Table of Contents

    Editable Parameters in CN-Series Deployment YAML Files

    Review the parameters that you must modify to deploy the CN-Series firewall
    The YAML files include several editable parameters, the following tables list the ones you must modify to Deploy the CN-Series Firewalls successfully.

    PAN-CN-MGMT-CONFIGMAP

    PAN-CN-MGMT-CONFIGMAP
    Advanced Routing (required for Kubernetes 3.0.0 deployments)
    PAN_ADVANCED_ROUTING:”true”
    		If you are using Advanced Routing with the Kubernetes 3.0.0 plugin, you must configure first enable it in PAN-OS, then manually on the template stack. After enabling it, commit and push the configuration. For more information, see Advanced Routing.
    Panorama IP Address
    PAN_PANORAMA_IP:
    Include the Panorama IP address to which the CN-MGMT Pod will connect. If you have configured your Panorama management servers in a high availability (HA) configuration, provide the IP address of the primary-active Panorama.
    You can locate the Panorama IP address on DashboardGeneral Information.
    Device Group Name
    PAN_DEVICE_GROUP:
    Specify the device group name to which you want to assign the CN-NGFW Pods. From Panorama, you will push identical policies to all CN-NGFW Pods that are managed by a pair of CN-MGMT Pods (or that belong to a PAN-SERVICE-NAME).
    You can locate the device group name on PanoramaDevice Groups.
    Template Stack Name
    PAN_TEMPLATE_STACK:
    Allows you to configure the settings that enable firewalls (CN-NGFW Pods) to operate on the network.
    You can locate the template stack name on PanoramaTemplates.
    Log Collector group name
    PAN_PANORAMA_CGNAME:
    Enables log storage for the logs generated on the CN-NGFW firewalls. Without a Collector Group, the firewall logs are not saved.
    You can locate the collector group name on PanoramaCollector Groups.
    (Optional)
    #CLUSTER_NAME:
    Specify the cluster name. The hostname of the CN-MGMT pod combines the StatefulSet name defined in the PAN-CN-MGMT.yaml and this optional CLUSTER_NAME. This hostname enables you to identify pods that are associated with different clusters, if you manage multiple clusters on the same Panorama appliance. As a best practice, use the same name here and on the Kubernetes plugin on Panorama.
    (Optional) Panorama HA peer IP address
    #PAN_PANORAMA_IP2:
    IP address of the Panorama peer (passive-secondary) that is configured in a high availability setup. Verify that the PAN_PANORAMA_IP is that of the primary-active Panorama.
    You can locate the Panorama HA peer IP address on PanoramaHigh AvailabilitySetup.
    (Required for GTP) GTP Security
    #PAN_GTP_ENABLED: "true"
    Enable this parameter for GTP Security on the CN-Series firewall. After you enable GTP, you can use Panorama to configure GTP security and monitor GTP traffic on the firewall.
    (Required for jumbo frame support, if primary CNI does not use jumbo frame) Jumbo Frame Mode
    #PAN_JUMBO_FRAME_ENABLED: "true"
    The CN-MGMT pod during bootup uses the eth0 MTU to auto-detect whether to enable jumbo-frame mode. So, if your secondary CNI uses jumbo frames, while the primary CNI does not, you must define PAN_JUMBO_FRAME_ENABLED: "True" to enable jumbo frame mode on the CN-Series firewall.
    You must make this change before the CN-MGMT StatefulSet is deployed.
    (Required for flexible system resource allocation)
    • CN-Series as a DaemonSet
      #PAN_NGFW_MEMORY: "42Gi"
    • CN-Series as a K8s Service
      #PAN_NGFW_MEMORY: "6.5Gi"
      #PAN_NGFW_MEMORY: "42Gi"
    For 5G-Native Security 48Gi is recommended
    If you need higher capacity and want to configure more memory to address your deployment needs, define the memory value using this parameter.
    • CN-Series as a DaemonSet
      Small capacity is 42Gi or less and large capacity is greater than 42Gi.
    • CN-Series as a K8s Service
      Small capacity is less than 6.5Gi, medium capacity is between 6.5Gi and 42Gi, and large capacity is greater than 42Gi.
    This change also requires the same or higher memory allocation on the pan-cn-ngfw.yaml.
    (Optional) AF-XDP
    #PAN_DATA_MODE: “next-gen”
    This parameter is required to enable Address Family eXpress Data Path (AF-XDP).
    AF-XDP is an eBPF based socket that is optimized for high performance packet processing suited to cloud native services, to increase effective throughput. This requires kernel version 5.4 or later. Additionally, jumbo mode is not supported; EKS cannot use this parameter because jumbo mode is enabled by default.
    Additionally, privileged mode is required in PAN-CN-NGFW.
    (Required to enable HPA)
    (AKS and GKE) #HPA_NAME
    (EKS only) #PAN_NAMESPACE_EKS
    (AKS only) #PAN_INSTRUMENTATION_KEY
    Several parameters are required to enable Horizontal Pod Autoscaling (HPA) on the CN-Series firewall as a Service.
    • For each environment, you must provide a unique name to identify the HPA resource per namespace or per tenant.
    • For AKS deployment, you must provide an Azure Application Insight instrumentation key.
    The following default values are defined in the pan-cn-mgmt-configmap.yaml file. 
    metadata:
  name: pan-mgmt-config
  namespace: kube-system
data:  
  PAN_SERVICE_NAME: pan-mgmt-svc
  PAN_MGMT_SECRET: pan-mgmt-secret
    These default values allow you to use these files for a quick proof-of-concept. If you want to modify these e.g., to deploy more than one fault-tolerant pair of PAN-MGMT Pods that manage up to 30 PAN-NGFW Pods, you must modify pan-mgmt-svc to use another service name. When you modify these values, you must update the corresponding references in the other YAML files to match the values you define in this file.

    PAN-CN-MGMT-SECRET

    PAN-CN-MGMT-SECRET
    VM auth key
    PAN_PANORAMA_AUTH_KEY:
    Allows Panorama to authenticate the firewalls so that it can add each firewall as a managed device. The VM auth key is required for the lifetime of the deployment. Without a valid key in the connection request, the CN-Series firewall will be unable to register with Panorama.
    See Install the Kubernetes Plugin for CN-Series Firewall.
    Device certificate for the CN-Series
    CN-SERIES-AUTO-REGISTRATION-PIN-ID
    CN-SERIES-AUTO-REGISTRATION-PIN-VALUE
    The firewall requires the device certificate to get any site license entitlements and securely access the Palo Alto cloud-delivered services. Generate the PIN ID and the PIN value on the Palo Alto Networks CSP, and use the PIN before it expires. For example:
    CN-SERIES-AUTO-REGISTRATION-PIN-ID:
    "01cc5-0431-4d72-bb84-something”
    CN-SERIES-AUTO-REGISTRATION-PIN-VALUE:
    "12………………….13e"
    The following additional field for CN-SERIES-AUTO-REGISTRATION-API-CSP is commented out and is not required: "certificate.paloaltonetworks.com"
    See Install a Device Certificate on the CN-Series Firewall.

    PAN-CN-MGMT

    PAN-CN-MGMT
    Image path for the Init container image for the CN-MGMT firewall
    initContainers:
  - name: pan-mgmt-init
    image: <your-private-registry-image-path>
    The init container generates certificates which are used for securing communication between instances of CN-MGMT Pods and between CN-MGMT pods and CN-NGFW pods.
    Edit the image path to point to the location to which you have uploaded the docker image for the CN-MGMT container.
    Image Path for the CN-MGMT image containers:
    initContainers:
  - name: pan-mgmt
    image: <your-private-registry-image-path>
    Edit the image path to point to the location to which you have uploaded the docker image for the CN-MGMT container.
    Hostname of the CN-MGMT firewall
    kind: StatefulSet
metadata:
  name: pan-mgmt-sts
    The hostname of the CN-MGMT firewall is derived by combining the StatefulSet name and the optional cluster name that you may have defined in the pan-cn-mgmt-configmap.yaml.
    The default hostname of the CN-MGMT pods is pan-mgmt-sts-0 and pan-mgmt-sts-1, because the StatefulSet name is pan-mgmt-sts and the cluster name is not defined.
    If the hostname is more than 30 characters, the name will be truncated at 30 characters.
    (Required if you defined memory for flexible system resource allocation)
    If you allocated a memory value that is more than or equal to 40Gi for #PAN_NGFW_MEMORY: "40Gi"in the pan-cn-mgmt-configmap.yaml, make sure that you have identical values in request and limit for CPU and memory to achieve higher capacity utilization under 
    
containers:
	resources:
	  requests:
	   # configurable based on desired logging, capacities
	       cpu: "4"
	  memory: "16.0Gi"
	  limits:
	       cpu: "4"
	       memory: "16.0Gi"
    For 5G-Native Security, recommended values are cpu=4, memory=16Gi
    (Only for an on-premises or self-managed Native Kubernetes deployment)
    storageClassName: local
    For self-managed deployment, the default config has “storageClassName: local”.
    If your cluster has dynamically provisioned Persistent Volumes (PV), you must modify the “storageClassName: local” to match that storageClass or remove these lines if DefaultStorageClass is being used.
    If your cluster doesn’t have dynamically provisioned PV, cluster admin can create static PVs with provided pan_cn_pv_local.yaml which has 2 sets of few PVs, one each for each PAN-CN-MGMT statefulSet pods. You can modify pan_cn_pv_local.yaml to match the volumes in your setup and deploy it before deploying the PAN-CN-MGMT.yaml.

    PAN-CN-NGFW-CONFIGMAP

    You do not need to modify any PAN-values unless you need to change the following:
    • PAN_SERVICE_NAME: pan-mgmt-svc
      The service name should match what you defined on the PAN-CN-MGMT-CONFIGMAP.
    • FAILOVER_MODE: failopen
      You can change this to failclose. It comes into effect only when CN-NGFW fails to get a license.
      • In fail-open mode the firewall will receive the packet and send it out without inspecting it. Transitioning to fail-open mode causes an internal restart and a brief disruption to traffic.
      • In fail-close mode, the firewall will drop all the packets it receives. The fail-close mode also brings down the CN-NFGW and releases the slot allocated to let other licensed CN-NFGW use that slot.
    • CPU Pinning—In the pan-cn-ngfw-configmap.yaml, CPU pinning and hyperthreading are disabled. Do not toggle this setting to enable CPU pinning for dedicated physical cores instead of logical cores with hyperthreading unless guided by Palo Alto Networks Support.
      PAN_CPU_PINNING_ENABLED: "True"/"False" PAN_HYPERTHREADING_ENABLE: "True"/"False"

    PAN-CN-NGFW

    PAN-CN-NGFW
    Image path for the CN-NGFW container image
    image
      containers: 
  - name: pan-ngfw-container
    image:
      <your-private-registry-image-path>
    		Edit the image path to point to the location to which you have uploaded the docker image for the CN-NGFW container.
    (Required if you defined memory for flexible system resource allocation)
    If you allocated a memory value that is more than or equal to 40Gi for #PAN_NGFW_MEMORY: "40Gi"in the pan-cn-mgmt-configmap.yaml, make sure that you have identical values in request and limit for cpu and memory to achieve guaranteed QoS under 
    
 containers:
	  resources:
            requests:
              #configurable based on desired throughput, number of running pods
              cpu: "1"
              memory: "40.0Gi"
            limits:
              cpu: "1"
              memory: "40.0Gi"
    For 5G-Native Security, recommended values are cpu=12, memory=48Gi.
    Note:
    • The following annotation identifies the PAN-NGFW daemonset:
      paloaltonetworks.com/app: pan-ngfw-ds
      Do not modify this value.
    • The following annotation identifies the firewall name (“pan-fw”):
      paloaltonetworks.com/firewall: pan-fw
      In pan-cni-configmap.yaml, this firewall name must match exactly in the cni_network_config: “firewall”
      And this annotation should match exactly in the application yaml that you use to deploy each application pod.
    The CN-NGFW Pod on each node secures the application pods and namespaces that have the annotation:
    paloaltonetworks.com/firewall: pan-fw
    Keep this annotation as is.
    (Optional) AF-XDP
    imagePullPolicy: Always securityContext: capabilities: #add: ["NET_ADMIN","NET_RAW","NET_BROADCAST","NET_BIND_SERVICE"] add: ["ALL"] privileged: true resources:
    You must add privileged: true to the section shown to the left. This parameter is required to enable Address Family eXpress Data Path (AF-XDP).
    You must also enable AF-XDP in the PAN-CN-MGMT-CONFIGMAP.

    PAN-CNI-CONFIGMAP

    These parameters are optional.
    PAN-CNI-CONFIGMAP
    List of firewall names that the application pod might belong to:
    "firewall": [ "pan-fw" ]
    While no modifications are required, if you change the annotation paloaltonetworks.com/firewall: pan-fw in the pan-cn-ngfw.yaml, you must replace the value in "firewall": [ "pan-fw" ] to match.
    "exclude_namespaces": []
    While no modifications are required, if you want to exclude specific namespaces, add it to “exclude_namespaces", so that the application pod annotation in that namespace is ignored and traffic is not redirected to the CN-NGFW pod for inspection.
    "security_namespaces": [ "kube-system" ]
    Add the namespaces in which you have deployed the CN-NGFW daemonset in security_namespaces. The default namespace is kube-system.
    “interfaces”
    Add the interfaces in the application pods from which you want to redirect traffic to the CN-NGFW pod for inspection. By default, only eth0 traffic is inspected, and you can add additional interfaces as a comma-separated list of strings e.g. [“eth0”, “net1”, “net 2”].
    cni_network_config:
    {
"cniVersion": "0.3.0",          
"name": "pan-cni",          
"type": "pan-cni",          
"log_level": "debug",         
"appinfo_dir": "/var/log/pan-appinfo",          
"mode": "daemonset",          
"firewall": [ "pan-fw" ],         
"interfaces": ["eth0", "net1", "net2", "net3"],
    }
    In addition to this, you must also append pan-cni to the k8s.v1.cni.cncf.io/networks annotation in the app pod.
    For example: 
    metadata:  name: testpod  annotations:    paloaltonetworks.com/firewall: pan-fw    k8s.v1.cni.cncf.io/networks: sriov-net1, sriov-net2, macvlan-conf, pan-cni
    CN-Series currently doesn't support DPDK and it doesn't allow the app pod to use DPDK. You might need to modify the app pod if the app does not automatically adjust to non DPDK mode.
    (CN-Series as a Kubernetes Service only)
    “dpservicename”
    “dpservicenamespace”
    When the CN-Series is deployed as a service, a dpservicename and dpservicenamespace are required. By default, dpservicename is “pan-ngfw-svc” and dpservicenamespace is “kube-system”.

    PAN-CNI

    PAN-CNI
    Image path for the PAN-CNI container image that has the CNI binaries and the CNI network config file on each node. 
    containers: 
  name: install-pan-cni  
  image: <your-private-registry-image-path>
    		Edit the image path to point to the location to which you have uploaded the docker image for the PAN-CNI container.

    PAN-CNI-MULTUS

    If you are using Multus CNI on a self-managed or native implementation of Kubernetes such as with VMware TKG+, use the pan-cni-multus.yaml instead of the pan-cni.yaml.

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