Follow these steps to configure Quality of
Service (QoS), which includes creating a QoS profile, creating a
QoS policy, and enabling QoS on an interface.
Identify the traffic you want to manage with QoS.
This example shows how to use QoS to limit web browsing.
Select ACC to
view the Application Command Center page.
Use the settings and charts on the ACC page
to view trends and traffic related to Applications, URL filtering,
Threat Prevention, Data Filtering, and HIP Matches.
Click
any application name to display detailed application information.
Identify
the egress interface for applications that you want to receive QoS
treatment.
The egress interface for traffic depends
on the traffic flow. If you are shaping incoming traffic, the egress
interface is the internal-facing interface. If you are shaping outgoing
traffic, the egress interface is the external-facing interface.
Select MonitorLogsTraffic to
view the Traffic logs.
To filter and only show logs for a
specific application:
If an entry is displayed for the
application, click the underlined link in the Application column
then click the Submit icon.
If an entry is not displayed for the application, click the
Add Log icon and search for the application.
The Egress
I/F in the traffic logs displays each application’s
egress interface. To display the Egress I/F column
if it is not displayed by default:
Click any column
header to add a column to the log:
Click the spyglass icon to the left of any entry to display
a detailed log that includes the application’s egress interface
listed in the Destination section:
Add a QoS policy rule.
A QoS policy rule defines the traffic to receive QoS treatment.
The firewall assigns a QoS class of service to the traffic matched
to the policy rule.
Because QoS is enforced on traffic
as it egresses the firewall, your QoS policy rule is applied to
traffic after the firewall has enforced all other security policy
rules, including Network Address Translation (NAT) rules. If you want
to apply QoS treatment to traffic based on source, you must specify
the post-NAT source address in a QoS policy rule (do not use the
pre-NAT source address).
Select PoliciesQoS and Add a
new policy rule.
On the General tab, give the
QoS Policy Rule a descriptive Name.
Specify traffic to receive QoS treatment based on Source, Destination, Application, Service/URL
Category, and DSCP/ToS values
(the DSCP/ToS settings allow you to Enforce
QoS Based on DSCP Classification).
For example, select the Application,
click Add, and select web-browsing to apply
QoS to web browsing traffic.
(Optional) Continue to define additional
parameters. For example, select Source and Add a Source
User to provide QoS for a specific user’s web traffic.
Select Other Settings and assign
a QoS Class to traffic matching the policy
rule. For example, assign Class 2 to the user1’s web traffic.
Click OK.
Add a QoS
profile rule.
A QoS profile rule allows you to define the eight classes
of service that traffic can receive, including priority, and enables QoS
Bandwidth Management.
You can edit any existing QoS
profile, including the default, by clicking the QoS profile name.
Select NetworkNetwork ProfilesQoS Profile and Add a
new profile.
Enter a descriptive Profile Name.
Set the overall bandwidth limits for the QoS profile rule:
Enter an Egress Max value to
set the overall bandwidth allocation for the QoS profile rule.
Enter an Egress Guaranteed value to
set the guaranteed bandwidth for the QoS Profile.
Any
traffic that exceeds the Egress Guaranteed value is best effort
and not guaranteed. Bandwidth that is guaranteed but is unused continues
to remain available for all traffic.
In the Classes section, specify how to treat up to
eight individual QoS classes:
Add a
class to the QoS Profile.
Select the Priority for the class:
real-time, high, medium, or low.
Enter the Egress Max and Egress
Guaranteed bandwidth for traffic assigned to each QoS
class.
Click OK.
In the following example, the QoS profile rule Limit Web
Browsing limits Class 2 traffic to a maximum bandwidth of 50Mbps
and a guaranteed bandwidth of 2Mbps.
Enable
QoS on a physical interface.
Part of this step includes the option to select clear text
and tunneled traffic for unique QoS treatment.
Check
if the firewall model you’re using supports enabling QoS on a subinterface
by reviewing a summary of the Product Specifications.
Select NetworkQoS and Add a
QoS interface.
Select Physical Interface and
choose the Interface Name of the interface
on which to enable QoS.
In the example, Ethernet 1/1 is the egress interface for web-browsing
traffic (see Step 2).
Set the Egress Max bandwidth
for all traffic exiting this interface.
It is a best practice to always
define the Egress Max value for a QoS interface. Ensure that the
cumulative guaranteed bandwidth for the QoS profile rules attached
to the interface does not exceed the total bandwidth allocated to
the interface.
Select Turn on QoS feature on this interface.
In the Default Profile section, select a QoS profile
rule to apply to all Clear Text traffic exiting
the physical interface.
(Optional) Select a default QoS profile rule
to apply to all tunneled traffic exiting the interface.
For example, enable QoS on ethernet 1/1 and apply the bandwidth
and priority settings you defined for the QoS profile rule Limit
Web Browsing (Step 4) to be used
as the default settings for clear text egress traffic.
(Optional) Continue to define more granular
settings to provide QoS
for Clear Text and Tunneled Traffic. Settings configured
on the Clear Text Traffic tab and the Tunneled
Traffic tab automatically override the default profile
settings for clear text and tunneled traffic on the Physical Interface
tab.
Select Clear Text Traffic and:
Set the Egress Guaranteed and Egress
Max bandwidths for clear text traffic.
Click Add and apply a QoS profile
rule to enforce clear text traffic based on source interface and
source subnet.
(PA-3200 Series, PA-5200 Series,
PA-7000 Series only) You must also select a destination interface
when configuring a QoS policy rule if the rule is applied to a specific
subinterface.
Select Tunneled Traffic and:
Set
the Egress Guaranteed and Egress
Max bandwidths for tunneled traffic.
Click Add and attach a QoS profile
rule to a single tunnel interface.
Click OK.
Commit your changes.
Click Commit.
Verify a QoS configuration.
Select NetworkQoS and
then Statistics to view QoS bandwidth, active
sessions of a selected QoS class, and active applications for the selected
QoS class.
For example, see the statistics for ethernet 1/3
with QoS enabled:
Class
2 traffic limited to 2.343 Mbps of guaranteed bandwidth and a maximum bandwidth
of 51.093 Mbps.
Continue to click the tabs to display further
information regarding applications, source users, destination users,
security rules and QoS rules.
Bandwidth limits shown
on the QoS Statistics window include a hardware
adjustment factor.