Configure QoS for a Virtual System
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Configure QoS for a Virtual System
QoS can be configured for a single or several
virtual systems configured on a Palo Alto Networks firewall. Because
a virtual system is an independent firewall, QoS must be configured
independently for a single virtual system.
Configuring QoS
for a virtual system is similar to configuring QoS on a physical
firewall, with the exception that configuring QoS for a virtual
system requires specifying the source and destination of traffic.
Because a virtual system exists without set physical boundaries
and because traffic in a virtual environment spans more than one
virtual system, specifying source and destination zones and interfaces
for traffic is necessary to control and shape traffic for a single
virtual system.
The example below shows two virtual systems configured on firewall. VSYS 1 (purple) and VSYS 2
(red) each have QoS configured to prioritize or limit two distinct traffic flows,
indicated by their corresponding purple (VSYS 1) and red (VSYS 2) lines. The QoS
nodes indicate the points at which traffic is matched to a QoS policy and assigned a
QoS class of service, and then later indicate the point at which traffic is shaped
as it egresses the firewall.
![](/content/dam/techdocs/en_US/dita/_graphics/10-2/qos/QoS_multiVSYS.png)
Refer
to Virtual
Systems for information on virtual systems and how to configure
them.
- Confirm that the appropriate interfaces, virtual routers, and security zones are associated with each virtual system.
- To view configured interfaces, select.NetworkInterface
- To view configured zones, select.NetworkZones
- To view information on defined virtual routers, select.NetworkVirtual Routers
- Identify traffic to apply QoS to.SelectACCto view theApplication Command Centerpage. Use the settings and charts on theACCpage to view trends and traffic related to Applications, URL filtering, Threat Prevention, Data Filtering, and HIP Matches.To view information for a specific virtual system, select the virtual system from theVirtual Systemdrop-down:Click any application name to display detailed application information.
- Identify the egress interface for applications that you identified as needing QoS treatment.In a virtual system environment, QoS is applied to traffic on the traffic’s egress point on the virtual system. Depending the configuration and QoS policy for a virtual system, the egress point of QoS traffic could be associated with a physical interface or could be a zone.This example shows how to limit web-browsing traffic on vsys 1.Selectto view traffic logs. Each entry has the option to display columns with information necessary to configure QoS in a virtual system environment:MonitorLogsTraffic
- virtual system
- egress interface
- ingress interface
- source zone
- destination zone
To display a column if it is not displayed by default:- Click any column header to add a column to the log:
- Click the spyglass icon to the left of any entry to display a detailed log that includes the application’s egress interface, as well as source and destination zones, in theSourceandDestinationsections:
For example, for web-browsing traffic from VSYS 1, the ingress interface is ethernet 1/2, the egress interface is ethernet 1/1, the source zone is trust and the destination zone is untrust. - Create a QoS Profile.You can edit any existing QoS Profile, including the default, by clicking the profile name.
- Selectand clickNetworkNetwork ProfilesQoS ProfileAddto open the QoS Profile dialog.
- Enter a descriptiveProfile Name.
- Enter anEgress Maxto set the overall bandwidth allocation for the QoS profile.
- Enter anEgress Guaranteedto set the guaranteed bandwidth for the QoS profile.Any traffic that exceeds the QoS profile’s egress guaranteed limit is best effort but is not guaranteed.
- In the Classes section of theQoS Profile, specify how to treat up to eight individual QoS classes:
- ClickAddto add a class to the QoS Profile.
- Select thePriorityfor the class.
- Enter anEgress Maxfor a class to set the overall bandwidth limit for that individual class.
- Enter anEgress Guaranteedfor the class to set the guaranteed bandwidth for that individual class.
- ClickOKto save the QoS profile.
- Create a QoS policy.In an environment with multiple virtual systems, traffic spans more than one virtual system. Because of this, when you are enabling QoS for a virtual system, you must define traffic to receive QoS treatment based on source and destination zones. This ensures that the traffic is prioritized and shaped only for that virtual system (and not for other virtual systems through which the traffic might flow).
- SelectandPoliciesQoSAdda QoS Policy Rule.
- SelectGeneraland give the QoS Policy Rule a descriptiveName.
- Specify the traffic to which the QoS policy rule will apply. Use theSource,Destination,Application, andService/URL Categorytabs to define matching parameters for identifying traffic.For example, selectApplicationandAddweb-browsing to apply the QoS policy rule to that application:
- SelectSourceandAddthe source zone of vsys 1 web-browsing traffic.
- SelectDestinationandAddthe destination zone of vsys 1 web-browsing traffic.
- SelectOther Settingsand select aQoS Classto assign to the QoS policy rule. For example, assign Class 2 to web-browsing traffic on vsys 1:
- ClickOKto save the QoS policy rule.
- Enable the QoS Profile on a physical interface.It is a best practice to always define theEgress Maxvalue for a QoS interface.
- Selectand clickNetworkQoSAddto open the QoS Interface dialog.
- Enable QoS on the physical interface:
- On thePhysical Interfacetab, select theInterface Nameof the interface to apply the QoS Profile to.In this example, ethernet 1/1 is the egress interface for web-browsing traffic on vsys 1 (see Step 2).
- SelectTurn on QoS feature on this interface.
- On thePhysical Interfacetab, select the default QoS profile to apply to allClear Texttraffic.(Optional) Use theTunnel Interfacefield to apply a default QoS profile to all tunneled traffic.
- (Optional) On theClear Text Traffictab, configure additional QoS settings for clear text traffic:
- Set theEgress GuaranteedandEgress Maxbandwidths for clear text traffic.
- ClickAddto apply a QoS Profile to selected clear text traffic, further selecting the traffic for QoS treatment according to source interface and source subnet (creating a QoS node).
- (Optional) On theTunneled Traffictab, configure additional QoS settings for tunnel interfaces:
- Set theEgress GuaranteedandEgress Maxbandwidths for tunneled traffic.
- ClickAddto associate a selected tunnel interface with a QoS Profile.
- ClickOKto save changes.
- Committhe changes.
- Verify QoS configuration.
- Selectto view the QoS Policies page. TheNetworkQoSQoS Policiespage verifies that QoS is enabled and includes aStatisticslink. Click the Statistics link to view QoS bandwidth, active sessions of a selected QoS node or class, and active applications for the selected QoS node or class.
- In a multi-vsys environment, sessions cannot span multiple systems. Multiple sessions are created for one traffic flow if the traffic passes through more than one virtual system. To browse sessions running on the firewall and view applied QoS Rules and QoS Classes, select.MonitorSession Browser