Configure ECMP on a Virtual Router
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Next-Generation Firewall Docs
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PAN-OS 9.1 (EoL)
- PAN-OS 11.1 & Later
- PAN-OS 11.0 (EoL)
- PAN-OS 10.2
- PAN-OS 10.1
- PAN-OS 10.0 (EoL)
- PAN-OS 9.1 (EoL)
- Cloud Management of NGFWs
-
- Management Interfaces
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- Launch the Web Interface
- Configure Banners, Message of the Day, and Logos
- Use the Administrator Login Activity Indicators to Detect Account Misuse
- Manage and Monitor Administrative Tasks
- Commit, Validate, and Preview Firewall Configuration Changes
- Export Configuration Table Data
- Use Global Find to Search the Firewall or Panorama Management Server
- Manage Locks for Restricting Configuration Changes
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-
- Define Access to the Web Interface Tabs
- Provide Granular Access to the Monitor Tab
- Provide Granular Access to the Policy Tab
- Provide Granular Access to the Objects Tab
- Provide Granular Access to the Network Tab
- Provide Granular Access to the Device Tab
- Define User Privacy Settings in the Admin Role Profile
- Restrict Administrator Access to Commit and Validate Functions
- Provide Granular Access to Global Settings
- Provide Granular Access to the Panorama Tab
- Panorama Web Interface Access Privileges
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- Reset the Firewall to Factory Default Settings
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- Plan Your Authentication Deployment
- Configure SAML Authentication
- Configure Kerberos Single Sign-On
- Configure Kerberos Server Authentication
- Configure TACACS+ Authentication
- Configure RADIUS Authentication
- Configure LDAP Authentication
- Configure Local Database Authentication
- Configure an Authentication Profile and Sequence
- Test Authentication Server Connectivity
- Troubleshoot Authentication Issues
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- Keys and Certificates
- Default Trusted Certificate Authorities (CAs)
- Certificate Deployment
- Configure the Master Key
- Export a Certificate and Private Key
- Configure a Certificate Profile
- Configure an SSL/TLS Service Profile
- Replace the Certificate for Inbound Management Traffic
- Configure the Key Size for SSL Forward Proxy Server Certificates
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- HA Overview
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- Prerequisites for Active/Active HA
- Configure Active/Active HA
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- Use Case: Configure Active/Active HA with Route-Based Redundancy
- Use Case: Configure Active/Active HA with Floating IP Addresses
- Use Case: Configure Active/Active HA with ARP Load-Sharing
- Use Case: Configure Active/Active HA with Floating IP Address Bound to Active-Primary Firewall
- Use Case: Configure Active/Active HA with Source DIPP NAT Using Floating IP Addresses
- Use Case: Configure Separate Source NAT IP Address Pools for Active/Active HA Firewalls
- Use Case: Configure Active/Active HA for ARP Load-Sharing with Destination NAT
- Use Case: Configure Active/Active HA for ARP Load-Sharing with Destination NAT in Layer 3
- Refresh HA1 SSH Keys and Configure Key Options
- HA Firewall States
- Reference: HA Synchronization
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- Use the Dashboard
- Monitor Applications and Threats
- Monitor Block List
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- Report Types
- View Reports
- Configure the Expiration Period and Run Time for Reports
- Disable Predefined Reports
- Custom Reports
- Generate Custom Reports
- Generate the SaaS Application Usage Report
- Manage PDF Summary Reports
- Generate User/Group Activity Reports
- Manage Report Groups
- Schedule Reports for Email Delivery
- Manage Report Storage Capacity
- View Policy Rule Usage
- Use External Services for Monitoring
- Configure Log Forwarding
- Configure Email Alerts
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- Configure Syslog Monitoring
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- Traffic Log Fields
- Threat Log Fields
- URL Filtering Log Fields
- Data Filtering Log Fields
- HIP Match Log Fields
- IP-Tag Log Fields
- User-ID Log Fields
- Tunnel Inspection Log Fields
- SCTP Log Fields
- Authentication Log Fields
- Config Log Fields
- System Log Fields
- Correlated Events Log Fields
- GTP Log Fields
- Syslog Severity
- Custom Log/Event Format
- Escape Sequences
- Forward Logs to an HTTP/S Destination
- Firewall Interface Identifiers in SNMP Managers and NetFlow Collectors
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- User-ID Overview
- Enable User-ID
- Map Users to Groups
- Enable User- and Group-Based Policy
- Enable Policy for Users with Multiple Accounts
- Verify the User-ID Configuration
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- App-ID Overview
- App-ID and HTTP/2 Inspection
- Manage Custom or Unknown Applications
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- Apply Tags to an Application Filter
- Create Custom Application Tags
- Workflow to Best Incorporate New and Modified App-IDs
- See the New and Modified App-IDs in a Content Release
- See How New and Modified App-IDs Impact Your Security Policy
- Ensure Critical New App-IDs are Allowed
- Monitor New App-IDs
- Disable and Enable App-IDs
- Safely Enable Applications on Default Ports
- Applications with Implicit Support
- Application Level Gateways
- Disable the SIP Application-level Gateway (ALG)
- Maintain Custom Timeouts for Data Center Applications
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- Best Practices for Securing Your Network from Layer 4 and Layer 7 Evasions
- Set Up Antivirus, Anti-Spyware, and Vulnerability Protection
- Set Up File Blocking
- Prevent Brute Force Attacks
- Customize the Action and Trigger Conditions for a Brute Force Signature
- Enable Evasion Signatures
- Monitor Blocked IP Addresses
- Threat Signature Categories
- Create Threat Exceptions
- Custom Signatures
- Threat Prevention Resources
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- Decryption Overview
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- Keys and Certificates for Decryption Policies
- SSL Forward Proxy
- SSL Forward Proxy Decryption Profile
- SSL Inbound Inspection
- SSL Inbound Inspection Decryption Profile
- SSL Protocol Settings Decryption Profile
- SSH Proxy
- SSH Proxy Decryption Profile
- Decryption Profile for No Decryption
- SSL Decryption for Elliptical Curve Cryptography (ECC) Certificates
- Perfect Forward Secrecy (PFS) Support for SSL Decryption
- SSL Decryption and Subject Alternative Names (SANs)
- High Availability Support for Decrypted Sessions
- Decryption Mirroring
- Configure SSL Forward Proxy
- Configure SSL Inbound Inspection
- Configure SSH Proxy
- Configure Server Certificate Verification for Undecrypted Traffic
- Enable Users to Opt Out of SSL Decryption
- Temporarily Disable SSL Decryption
- Configure Decryption Port Mirroring
- Verify Decryption
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- How Decryption Broker Works
- Layer 3 Security Chain Guidelines
- Configure Decryption Broker with One or More Layer 3 Security Chain
- Transparent Bridge Security Chain Guidelines
- Configure Decryption Broker with a Single Transparent Bridge Security Chain
- Configure Decryption Broker with Multiple Transparent Bridge Security Chains
- Activate Free Licenses for Decryption Features
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- About Palo Alto Networks URL Filtering Solution
- How Advanced URL Filtering Works
- URL Filtering Use Cases
- Plan Your URL Filtering Deployment
- URL Filtering Best Practices
- Activate The Advanced URL Filtering Subscription
- Configure URL Filtering
- Test URL Filtering Configuration
- Log Only the Page a User Visits
- Create a Custom URL Category
- URL Category Exceptions
- Use an External Dynamic List in a URL Filtering Profile
- Allow Password Access to Certain Sites
- URL Filtering Response Pages
- Customize the URL Filtering Response Pages
- HTTP Header Logging
- Request to Change the Category for a URL
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- Tap Interfaces
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- Layer 2 and Layer 3 Packets over a Virtual Wire
- Port Speeds of Virtual Wire Interfaces
- LLDP over a Virtual Wire
- Aggregated Interfaces for a Virtual Wire
- Virtual Wire Support of High Availability
- Zone Protection for a Virtual Wire Interface
- VLAN-Tagged Traffic
- Virtual Wire Subinterfaces
- Configure Virtual Wires
- Configure an Aggregate Interface Group
- Use Interface Management Profiles to Restrict Access
- Virtual Routers
- Service Routes
- RIP
- Route Redistribution
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- DNS Overview
- DNS Proxy Object
- DNS Server Profile
- Multi-Tenant DNS Deployments
- Configure a DNS Proxy Object
- Configure a DNS Server Profile
- Use Case 1: Firewall Requires DNS Resolution
- Use Case 2: ISP Tenant Uses DNS Proxy to Handle DNS Resolution for Security Policies, Reporting, and Services within its Virtual System
- Use Case 3: Firewall Acts as DNS Proxy Between Client and Server
- DNS Proxy Rule and FQDN Matching
- Dynamic DNS Overview
- Configure Dynamic DNS for Firewall Interfaces
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- NAT Rule Capacities
- Dynamic IP and Port NAT Oversubscription
- Dataplane NAT Memory Statistics
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- Translate Internal Client IP Addresses to Your Public IP Address (Source DIPP NAT)
- Enable Clients on the Internal Network to Access your Public Servers (Destination U-Turn NAT)
- Enable Bi-Directional Address Translation for Your Public-Facing Servers (Static Source NAT)
- Configure Destination NAT with DNS Rewrite
- Configure Destination NAT Using Dynamic IP Addresses
- Modify the Oversubscription Rate for DIPP NAT
- Reserve Dynamic IP NAT Addresses
- Disable NAT for a Specific Host or Interface
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- Policy Types
- Policy Objects
- Track Rules Within a Rulebase
- Enforce Policy Rule Description, Tag, and Audit Comment
- Move or Clone a Policy Rule or Object to a Different Virtual System
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- External Dynamic List
- Built-in External Dynamic Lists
- Configure the Firewall to Access an External Dynamic List
- Retrieve an External Dynamic List from the Web Server
- View External Dynamic List Entries
- Exclude Entries from an External Dynamic List
- Enforce Policy on an External Dynamic List
- Find External Dynamic Lists That Failed Authentication
- Disable Authentication for an External Dynamic List
- Register IP Addresses and Tags Dynamically
- Use Dynamic User Groups in Policy
- Use Auto-Tagging to Automate Security Actions
- CLI Commands for Dynamic IP Addresses and Tags
- Application Override Policy
- Test Policy Rules
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PAN-OS 11.1 & Later
- PAN-OS 11.1 & Later
- PAN-OS 11.0 (EoL)
- PAN-OS 10.2
- PAN-OS 10.1
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- Tap Interfaces
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- Layer 2 and Layer 3 Packets over a Virtual Wire
- Port Speeds of Virtual Wire Interfaces
- LLDP over a Virtual Wire
- Aggregated Interfaces for a Virtual Wire
- Virtual Wire Support of High Availability
- Zone Protection for a Virtual Wire Interface
- VLAN-Tagged Traffic
- Virtual Wire Subinterfaces
- Configure Virtual Wires
- Configure a PPPoE Client on a Subinterface
- Configure an IPv6 PPPoE Client
- Configure an Aggregate Interface Group
- Configure Bonjour Reflector for Network Segmentation
- Use Interface Management Profiles to Restrict Access
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- DHCP Overview
- Firewall as a DHCP Server and Client
- Firewall as a DHCPv6 Client
- DHCP Messages
- Dynamic IPv6 Addressing on the Management Interface
- Configure an Interface as a DHCP Server
- Configure an Interface as a DHCPv4 Client
- Configure an Interface as a DHCPv6 Client with Prefix Delegation
- Configure the Management Interface as a DHCP Client
- Configure the Management Interface for Dynamic IPv6 Address Assignment
- Configure an Interface as a DHCP Relay Agent
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- DNS Overview
- DNS Proxy Object
- DNS Server Profile
- Multi-Tenant DNS Deployments
- Configure a DNS Proxy Object
- Configure a DNS Server Profile
- Use Case 1: Firewall Requires DNS Resolution
- Use Case 2: ISP Tenant Uses DNS Proxy to Handle DNS Resolution for Security Policies, Reporting, and Services within its Virtual System
- Use Case 3: Firewall Acts as DNS Proxy Between Client and Server
- DNS Proxy Rule and FQDN Matching
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- NAT Rule Capacities
- Dynamic IP and Port NAT Oversubscription
- Dataplane NAT Memory Statistics
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- Translate Internal Client IP Addresses to Your Public IP Address (Source DIPP NAT)
- Create a Source NAT Rule with Persistent DIPP
- PAN-OS
- Strata Cloud Manager
- Enable Clients on the Internal Network to Access your Public Servers (Destination U-Turn NAT)
- Enable Bi-Directional Address Translation for Your Public-Facing Servers (Static Source NAT)
- Configure Destination NAT with DNS Rewrite
- Configure Destination NAT Using Dynamic IP Addresses
- Modify the Oversubscription Rate for DIPP NAT
- Reserve Dynamic IP NAT Addresses
- Disable NAT for a Specific Host or Interface
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- Network Packet Broker Overview
- How Network Packet Broker Works
- Prepare to Deploy Network Packet Broker
- Configure Transparent Bridge Security Chains
- Configure Routed Layer 3 Security Chains
- Network Packet Broker HA Support
- User Interface Changes for Network Packet Broker
- Limitations of Network Packet Broker
- Troubleshoot Network Packet Broker
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- Enable Advanced Routing
- Logical Router Overview
- Configure a Logical Router
- Create a Static Route
- Configure BGP on an Advanced Routing Engine
- Create BGP Routing Profiles
- Create Filters for the Advanced Routing Engine
- Configure OSPFv2 on an Advanced Routing Engine
- Create OSPF Routing Profiles
- Configure OSPFv3 on an Advanced Routing Engine
- Create OSPFv3 Routing Profiles
- Configure RIPv2 on an Advanced Routing Engine
- Create RIPv2 Routing Profiles
- Create BFD Profiles
- Configure IPv4 Multicast
- Configure MSDP
- Create Multicast Routing Profiles
- Create an IPv4 MRoute
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PAN-OS 11.2
- PAN-OS 11.2
- PAN-OS 11.1
- PAN-OS 11.0 (EoL)
- PAN-OS 10.2
- PAN-OS 10.1
- PAN-OS 10.0 (EoL)
- PAN-OS 9.1 (EoL)
- PAN-OS 9.0 (EoL)
- PAN-OS 8.1 (EoL)
- Cloud Management and AIOps for NGFW
End-of-Life (EoL)
Configure ECMP on a Virtual Router
Use the following procedure to enable ECMP
on a virtual router. The prerequisites are to:
- Specify the interfaces that belong to a virtual router (NetworkVirtual RoutersRouter SettingsGeneral).
- Specify the IP routing protocol.
Enabling,
disabling, or changing ECMP for an existing virtual router causes
the system to restart the virtual router, which might cause sessions
to be terminated.
- Enable ECMP for a virtual router.
- Select NetworkVirtual Routers and select the virtual router on which to enable ECMP.
- Select Router SettingsECMP and select Enable.
- (Optional) Enable symmetric return of packets
from server to client.Select Symmetric Return to cause return packets to egress out the same interface on which the associated ingress packets arrived. That is, the firewall will use the ingress interface on which to send return packets, rather than use the ECMP interface. The Symmetric Return setting overrides load balancing. This behavior occurs only for traffic flows from the server to the client.
- Specify the maximum number of equal-cost paths (to a
destination network) that can be copied from the Routing Information
Base (RIB) to the Forwarding Information Base (FIB).For Max Path allowed, enter 2, 3, or 4. Default: 2.
- Select the load-balancing algorithm for the virtual router.
For more information on load-balancing methods and how they differ,
see ECMP
Load-Balancing Algorithms.For Load Balance, select one of the following options from the Method list:
- IP Modulo (default)—Uses a hash of the source and destination IP addresses in the packet header to determine which ECMP route to use.
- IP Hash—There are two IP hash methods
that determine which ECMP route to use (select hash options in Step
5):
- Use a hash of the source address (available in PAN-OS 8.0.3 and later releases).
- Use a hash of the source and destination IP addresses (the default IP hash method).
- Balanced Round Robin—Uses round robin among the ECMP paths and re-balances paths when the number of paths changes.
- Weighted Round Robin—Uses round robin and a relative weight to select from among ECMP paths. Specify the weights in Step 6 below.
- (IP
Hash only) Configure IP Hash options.If you selected IP Hash as the Method:
- Select Use Source Address Only (available
in PAN-OS 8.0.3 and later releases) if you want to ensure all sessions
belonging to the same source IP address always take the same path
from available multiple paths. This IP hash option provides path
stickiness and eases troubleshooting. If you don’t select this option
or you’re using a release prior to PAN-OS 8.0.3, the IP hash is based
on the source and destination IP addresses (the default IP hash
method).If you select Use Source Address Only, you shouldn’t push the configuration from Panorama to firewalls running PAN-OS 8.0.2, 8.0.1, or 8.0.0.
- Select Use Source/Destination Ports if
you want to use source or destination port numbers in the IP
Hash calculation.Enabling this option along with Use Source Address Only will randomize path selection even for sessions belonging to the same source IP address.
- Enter a Hash Seed value (an integer with a maximum of nine digits). Specify a Hash Seed value to further randomize load balancing. Specifying a hash seed value is useful if you have a large number of sessions with the same tuple information.
- Select Use Source Address Only (available
in PAN-OS 8.0.3 and later releases) if you want to ensure all sessions
belonging to the same source IP address always take the same path
from available multiple paths. This IP hash option provides path
stickiness and eases troubleshooting. If you don’t select this option
or you’re using a release prior to PAN-OS 8.0.3, the IP hash is based
on the source and destination IP addresses (the default IP hash
method).
- (Weighted
Round Robin only) Define a weight for each interface in the
ECMP group.If you selected Weighted Round Robin as the Method, define a weight for each of the interfaces that are the egress points for traffic to be routed to the same destinations (that is, interfaces that are part of an ECMP group, such as the interfaces that provide redundant links to your ISP or interfaces to the core business applications on your corporate network).The higher the weight, the more often that equal-cost path will be selected for a new session.Give higher speed links a higher weight than a slower links so that more of the ECMP traffic goes over the faster link.
- Create an ECMP group by clicking Add and selecting an Interface.
- Add the other interfaces in the ECMP group.
- Click on Weight and specify the relative weight for each interface (range is 1-255; default is 100).
- Save the configuration.
- Click OK.
- At the ECMP Configuration Change prompt, click Yes to
restart the virtual router. Restarting the virtual router might
cause existing sessions to be terminated.This message displays only if you are modifying an existing virtual router with ECMP.
- Commit your changes.Commit the configuration.