Repair Incomplete Certificate Chains
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Next-Generation Firewall Docs
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PAN-OS 10.0 (EoL)
- PAN-OS 11.1 & Later
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- Cloud Management of NGFWs
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- Management Interfaces
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- Launch the Web Interface
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- Define Access to the Web Interface Tabs
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- Keys and Certificates
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- Configure the Master Key
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- HA Overview
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- Prerequisites for Active/Active HA
- Configure Active/Active HA
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- Use Case: Configure Active/Active HA with Route-Based Redundancy
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- Use Case: Configure Active/Active HA with Source DIPP NAT Using Floating IP Addresses
- Use Case: Configure Separate Source NAT IP Address Pools for Active/Active HA Firewalls
- Use Case: Configure Active/Active HA for ARP Load-Sharing with Destination NAT
- Use Case: Configure Active/Active HA for ARP Load-Sharing with Destination NAT in Layer 3
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- Decryption Overview
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- Keys and Certificates for Decryption Policies
- SSL Forward Proxy
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- SSH Proxy Decryption Profile
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- SSL Decryption for Elliptical Curve Cryptography (ECC) Certificates
- Perfect Forward Secrecy (PFS) Support for SSL Decryption
- SSL Decryption and Subject Alternative Names (SANs)
- TLSv1.3 Decryption
- High Availability Support for Decrypted Sessions
- Decryption Mirroring
- Configure SSL Forward Proxy
- Configure SSL Inbound Inspection
- Configure SSH Proxy
- Configure Server Certificate Verification for Undecrypted Traffic
- Enable Users to Opt Out of SSL Decryption
- Temporarily Disable SSL Decryption
- Configure Decryption Port Mirroring
- Verify Decryption
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- How Decryption Broker Works
- Layer 3 Security Chain Guidelines
- Configure Decryption Broker with One or More Layer 3 Security Chain
- Transparent Bridge Security Chain Guidelines
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- About Palo Alto Networks URL Filtering Solution
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- Activate The Advanced URL Filtering Subscription
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- Log Only the Page a User Visits
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- Tap Interfaces
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- Layer 2 and Layer 3 Packets over a Virtual Wire
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- DNS Overview
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- NAT Rule Capacities
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- Translate Internal Client IP Addresses to Your Public IP Address (Source DIPP NAT)
- Enable Clients on the Internal Network to Access your Public Servers (Destination U-Turn NAT)
- Enable Bi-Directional Address Translation for Your Public-Facing Servers (Static Source NAT)
- Configure Destination NAT with DNS Rewrite
- Configure Destination NAT Using Dynamic IP Addresses
- Modify the Oversubscription Rate for DIPP NAT
- Reserve Dynamic IP NAT Addresses
- Disable NAT for a Specific Host or Interface
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- Policy Types
- Policy Objects
- Track Rules Within a Rulebase
- Enforce Policy Rule Description, Tag, and Audit Comment
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- External Dynamic List
- Built-in External Dynamic Lists
- Configure the Firewall to Access an External Dynamic List
- Retrieve an External Dynamic List from the Web Server
- View External Dynamic List Entries
- Exclude Entries from an External Dynamic List
- Enforce Policy on an External Dynamic List
- Find External Dynamic Lists That Failed Authentication
- Disable Authentication for an External Dynamic List
- Register IP Addresses and Tags Dynamically
- Use Dynamic User Groups in Policy
- Use Auto-Tagging to Automate Security Actions
- CLI Commands for Dynamic IP Addresses and Tags
- Test Policy Rules
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- Network Segmentation Using Zones
- How Do Zones Protect the Network?
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PAN-OS 11.1 & Later
- PAN-OS 11.1 & Later
- PAN-OS 11.0 (EoL)
- PAN-OS 10.2
- PAN-OS 10.1
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- Tap Interfaces
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- Layer 2 and Layer 3 Packets over a Virtual Wire
- Port Speeds of Virtual Wire Interfaces
- LLDP over a Virtual Wire
- Aggregated Interfaces for a Virtual Wire
- Virtual Wire Support of High Availability
- Zone Protection for a Virtual Wire Interface
- VLAN-Tagged Traffic
- Virtual Wire Subinterfaces
- Configure Virtual Wires
- Configure a PPPoE Client on a Subinterface
- Configure an IPv6 PPPoE Client
- Configure an Aggregate Interface Group
- Configure Bonjour Reflector for Network Segmentation
- Use Interface Management Profiles to Restrict Access
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- DHCP Overview
- Firewall as a DHCP Server and Client
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- Configure an Interface as a DHCP Server
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- Configure the Management Interface for Dynamic IPv6 Address Assignment
- Configure an Interface as a DHCP Relay Agent
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- DNS Overview
- DNS Proxy Object
- DNS Server Profile
- Multi-Tenant DNS Deployments
- Configure a DNS Proxy Object
- Configure a DNS Server Profile
- Use Case 1: Firewall Requires DNS Resolution
- Use Case 2: ISP Tenant Uses DNS Proxy to Handle DNS Resolution for Security Policies, Reporting, and Services within its Virtual System
- Use Case 3: Firewall Acts as DNS Proxy Between Client and Server
- DNS Proxy Rule and FQDN Matching
-
- NAT Rule Capacities
- Dynamic IP and Port NAT Oversubscription
- Dataplane NAT Memory Statistics
-
- Translate Internal Client IP Addresses to Your Public IP Address (Source DIPP NAT)
- Create a Source NAT Rule with Persistent DIPP
- PAN-OS
- Strata Cloud Manager
- Enable Clients on the Internal Network to Access your Public Servers (Destination U-Turn NAT)
- Enable Bi-Directional Address Translation for Your Public-Facing Servers (Static Source NAT)
- Configure Destination NAT with DNS Rewrite
- Configure Destination NAT Using Dynamic IP Addresses
- Modify the Oversubscription Rate for DIPP NAT
- Reserve Dynamic IP NAT Addresses
- Disable NAT for a Specific Host or Interface
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- Network Packet Broker Overview
- How Network Packet Broker Works
- Prepare to Deploy Network Packet Broker
- Configure Transparent Bridge Security Chains
- Configure Routed Layer 3 Security Chains
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- Enable Advanced Routing
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PAN-OS 11.2
- PAN-OS 11.2
- PAN-OS 11.1
- PAN-OS 11.0 (EoL)
- PAN-OS 10.2
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- PAN-OS 10.0 (EoL)
- PAN-OS 9.1 (EoL)
- PAN-OS 9.0 (EoL)
- PAN-OS 8.1 (EoL)
- Cloud Management and AIOps for NGFW
End-of-Life (EoL)
Repair Incomplete Certificate Chains
Locate and install missing intermediate certificates
to fix incomplete certificate chains using the Decryption log.
Not all websites send their complete certificate
chain even though the RFC 5246 TLSv1.2 standard requires
authenticated servers to provide a valid certificate chain leading
to an acceptable certificate authority. When you enable decryption
and apply a Forward Proxy Decryption profile that enables Block
sessions with untrusted issuers in the Decryption policy,
if an intermediate certificate is missing from the certificate list the
website’s server presents to the firewall, the firewall can’t construct
the certificate chain to the top (root) certificate. In these cases,
the firewall presents its Forward Untrust Certificate to the client
because the firewall cannot construct the chain to the root certificate
and trust cannot be established without the missing intermediate
certificate.
The firewall only has root certificates
in its Default Trusted Certificate Authorities store.
If
a website you need to communicate with for business purposes has
one or more missing intermediate certificates and the Decryption
profile blocks sessions with untrusted issuers, then you can find
and download the missing intermediate certificate and install it
on the firewall as a Trusted Root CA so that the firewall trusts the
site’s server. (The alternative is to contact the website owner
and ask them to configure their server so that it sends the intermediate
certificate during the handshake.)
If you allow sessions
with untrusted issuers in the Decryption profile, the firewall establishes
sessions even if the issuer is untrusted; however, it is a best
practice to block sessions with untrusted issuers for better security.
- Find websites that cause incomplete certificate
chain errors.
- Filter the Decryption log to identify Decryption
sessions that failed because of an incomplete certificate chain.In the filter field, type the query (err_index eq Certificate) and (error contains ‘http’). This query filters the logs for Certificate errors that contain the string “http”, which finds all of the error entries that contain the CA Issuer URL (often called the URI). The CA Issuer URL is the Authority Information Access (AIA) information for the CA Issuer.
- Click an Error column entry
that begins “Received fatal alert UnknownCA from client. CA Issuer
URL:” followed by the URI. The firewall automatically adds the selected error to the query and shows the full URI path (the full URI path may be truncated in the Error column).
- Filter the Decryption log to identify Decryption
sessions that failed because of an incomplete certificate chain.
- Copy and paste the URI into your browser and then press
Enter to download the missing intermediate certificate.
- Click the certificate to open the dialog box.
- Click Open to open the certificate
file.
- Select the Details tab and then
click Copy to File....Follow the export directions. The certificate is copied to the folder you designated as you default download folder.
- Import the certificate into the firewall.
- Navigate to DeviceCertificate ManagementCertificates and then select Import.
- Browse to the folder where
you stored the missing intermediate certificate and select it. Leave
the File Format as Base64 Encoded
Certificate (PEM).
- Name the certificate and specify any other options you want to use, then click OK.
- When the certificate has imported, select the certificate from the Device Certificates list to open the Certificate Information dialog.
- Select Trusted Root CA to mark
the certificate as a Trusted Root CA on the firewall and then click OK.In DeviceCertificate ManagementCertificatesDevice Certificates, the imported certificate now appears in the list of certificates. Check the Usage column to confirm that the status is Trusted Root CA Certificate to verify that the firewall considers the certificate to be a trusted root CA.
- Commit the configuration.
- You have now repaired the broken certificate chain. The firewall doesn’t block the traffic because the CA issuer is not untrusted anymore. Repeat this process for all missing intermediate certificates to repair their certificate chains.