Configure BGP
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Configure BGP

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Configure BGP

Configure BGP for a virtual router.
Perform the following task to configure BGP.
  1. Configure general virtual router configuration settings.
    See Virtual Routers for details.
  2. Enable BGP for the virtual router, assign a router ID, and assign the virtual router to an AS.
    1. Select
      Network
      Virtual Routers
      and select a virtual router.
    2. Select
      BGP
      .
    3. Enable
      BGP for this virtual router.
    4. Assign a
      Router ID
      to BGP for the virtual router, which is typically an IPv4 address to ensure the Router ID is unique.
    5. Assign the
      AS Number
      —the number of the AS to which the virtual router belongs based on the router ID (range is 1 to 4,294,967,295).
    6. Click
      OK
      .
  3. Configure general BGP configuration settings.
    1. Select
      Network
      Virtual Routers
      and select a virtual router.
    2. Select
      BGP
      General
      .
    3. Select
      Reject Default Route
      to ignore any default routes that are advertised by BGP peers.
    4. Select
      Install Route
      to install BGP routes in the global routing table.
    5. Select
      Aggregate MED
      to enable route aggregation even when routes have different Multi-Exit Discriminator (MED) values.
    6. Specify the
      Default Local Preference
      that can be used to determine preferences among different paths.
    7. Select the
      AS Format
      for interoperability purposes:
      • 2 Byte
        (default)
      • 4 Byte
      Runtime stats display BGP 4-byte AS numbers using asplain notation according to RFC 5396.
    8. Enable or disable each of the following settings for
      Path Selection
      :
      • Always Compare MED
        —Enable this comparison to choose paths from neighbors in different autonomous systems.
      • Deterministic MED Comparison
        —Enable this comparison to choose between routes that are advertised by IBGP peers (BGP peers in the same autonomous system).
    9. For
      Auth Profiles
      ,
      Add
      an authentication profile:
      • Profile Name
        —Enter a name to identify the profile.
      • Secret/Confirm Secret
        —Enter and confirm a passphrase for BGP peer communications. The Secret is used as a key in MD5 authentication.
    10. Click
      OK
      twice.
  4. (
    Optional
    ) Configure BGP settings.
    1. Select
      Network
      Virtual Routers
      and select a virtual router.
    2. Select
      BGP
      Advanced
      .
    3. Select
      ECMP Multiple AS Support
      if you configured ECMP and you want to run ECMP over multiple BGP autonomous systems.
    4. Enforce First AS for EBGP
      (enabled by default) to cause the firewall to drop an incoming Update packet from an eBGP peer that does not list the eBGP peer’s own AS number as the first AS number in the AS_PATH attribute.
    5. Select
      Graceful Restart
      and configure the following timers:
      • Stale Route Time (sec)
        —Specifies the length of time, in seconds, that a route can stay in the stale state (range is 1 to 3,600; default is 120).
      • Local Restart Time (sec)
        —Specifies the length of time, in seconds, that the local device waits to restart. This value is advertised to peers (range is 1 to 3,600; default is 120).
      • Max Peer Restart Time (sec)
        —Specifies the maximum length of time, in seconds, that the local device accepts as a grace period restart time for peer devices (range is 1 to 3,600; default is 120).
    6. For
      Reflector Cluster ID
      , specify an IPv4 identifier to represent the reflector cluster.
    7. For
      Confederation Member AS
      , specify the autonomous system number identifier (also called a sub-AS number), which is visible only within the BGP confederation. For more information, see BGP Confederations.
    8. Add
      the following information for each Dampening Profile that you want to configure, select
      Enable
      , and click
      OK
      :
      • Profile Name
        —Enter a name to identify the profile.
      • Cutoff
        —Specify a route withdrawal threshold above which a route advertisement is suppressed (range is 0.0 to 1,000.0; default is 1.25).
      • Reuse
        —Specify a route withdrawal threshold below which a suppressed route is used again (range is 0.0 to 1,000.0; default is 5).
      • Max Hold Time (sec)
        —Specify the maximum length of time, in seconds, that a route can be suppressed, regardless of how unstable it has been (range is 0 to 3,600; default is 900).
      • Decay Half Life Reachable (sec)
        —Specify the length of time, in seconds, after which a route’s stability metric is halved if the route is considered reachable (range is 0 to 3,600; default is 300).
      • Decay Half Life Unreachable (sec)
        —Specify the length of time, in seconds, after which a route’s stability metric is halved if the route is considered unreachable (range is 0 to 3,600; default is 300).
    9. Click
      OK
      twice.
  5. Configure a BGP peer group.
    1. Select
      Network
      Virtual Routers
      and select a virtual router.
    2. Select
      BGP
      Peer Group
      ,
      Add
      a
      Name
      for the peer group, and
      Enable
      it.
    3. Select
      Aggregated Confed AS Path
      to include a path to the configured aggregated confederation AS.
    4. Select
      Soft Reset with Stored Info
      to perform a soft reset of the firewall after updating the peer settings.
    5. Select the
      Type
      of peer group:
      • IBGP
        Export Next Hop
        : Select
        Original
        or
        Use self
        .
      • EBGP Confed
        Export Next Hop
        : Select
        Original
        or
        Use self
        .
      • EBGP Confed
        Export Next Hop
        : Select
        Original
        or
        Use self
        .
      • EBGP
        Import Next Hop
        : Select
        Original
        or
        Use self
        ; and
        Export Next Hop
        : Specify
        Resolve
        or
        Use self
        . Select
        Remove Private AS
        if you want to force BGP to remove private AS numbers from the AS_PATH attribute in Updates that the firewall sends to a peer in another AS.
    6. Click
      OK
      .
  6. Configure a BGP peer that belongs to the peer group and specify its addressing.
    1. Select
      Network
      Virtual Routers
      and select a virtual router.
    2. Select
      BGP
      Peer Group
      and select the peer group you created.
    3. For Peer,
      Add
      a peer by
      Name
      .
    4. Enable
      the peer.
    5. Enter the
      Peer AS
      to which the peer belongs.
    6. Select
      Addressing
      .
    7. For
      Local Address
      , select the
      Interface
      for which you are configuring BGP. If the interface has more than one
      IP
      address, enter the IP address for that interface to be the BGP peer.
    8. For
      Peer Address
      , select either
      IP
      and enter the IP address or select or create an address object, or select
      FQDN
      and enter the FQDN or address object that is type FQDN.
      The firewall uses only one IP address (from each IPv4 or IPv6 family type) from the DNS resolution of the FQDN. If the DNS resolution returns more than one address, the firewall uses the preferred IP address that matches the IP family type (IPv4 or IPv6) configured for the BGP peer. The preferred IP address is the first address the DNS server returns in its initial response. The firewall retains this address as preferred as long as the address appears in subsequent responses regardless of its order.
    9. Click
      OK
      .
  7. Configure connection settings for the BGP peer.
    1. Select
      Network
      Virtual Routers
      and select a virtual router.
    2. Select
      BGP
      Peer Group
      and select the peer group you created.
    3. Select the
      Peer
      you configured.
    4. Select
      Connection Options
      .
    5. Select an
      Auth Profile
      for the peer.
    6. Set a
      Keep Alive Interval (sec)
      —The interval, in seconds, after which routes from the peer are suppressed according to the Hold Time setting (range is 0 to 1,200; default is 30).
    7. Set
      Multi Hop
      —The time-to-live (TTL) value in the IP header (range is 0 to 255; default is 0). The default value of 0 means 1 for eBGP. The default value of 0 means 255 for iBGP.
    8. Set
      Open Delay Time (sec)
      —The delay, in seconds, between a TCP handshake and the firewall sending the first BGP Open message to establish a BGP connection (range is 0 to 240; default is 0).
    9. Set
      Hold Time (sec)
      —The length of time, in seconds, that may elapse between successive Keepalive or Update messages from the peer before the peer connection is closed (range is 3 to 3,600; default is 90).
    10. Set
      Idle Hold Time (sec)
      —The length of time to wait, in seconds, before retrying to connect to the peer (range is 1 to 3,600; default is 15).
    11. Set
      Min Route Advertisement Interval (sec)
      —The minimum amount of time, in seconds, between two successive Update messages that a BGP speaker (the firewall) sends to a BGP peer that advertise routes or withdrawal of routes (range is 1 to 600; default is 30).
    12. For
      Incoming Connections
      , enter a
      Remote Port
      and select
      Allow
      to allow incoming traffic to this port.
    13. For
      Outgoing Connections
      , enter a
      Local Port
      and select
      Allow
      to allow outgoing traffic from this port.
    14. Click
      OK
      .
  8. Configure the BGP peer with settings for route reflector client, peering type, maximum prefixes, and Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD).
    1. Select
      Network
      Virtual Routers
      and select a virtual router.
    2. Select
      BGP
      Peer Group
      and select the peer group you created.
    3. Select the
      Peer
      you configured.
    4. Select
      Advanced
      .
    5. For
      Reflector Client
      , select one of the following:
      • non-client
        (default)—Peer is not a route reflector client.
      • client
        —Peer is a route reflector client.
      • meshed-client
    6. For
      Peering Type
      , select one of the following:
      • Bilateral
        —The two BGP peers establish a peer connection.
      • Unspecified
        (default).
    7. For
      Max Prefixes
      , enter the maximum number of supported IP prefixes (range is 1 to 100,000) or select
      unlimited
      .
    8. To enable
      BFD
      for the peer (and thereby override the BFD setting for BGP, as long as BFD is not disabled for BGP at the virtual router level), select one of the following:
      • default
        —Peer uses only default BFD settings.
      • Inherit-vr-global-setting
        (default)—Peer inherits the BFD profile that you selected globally for BGP for the virtual router.
      • A BFD profile you configured—See Create a BFD Profile.
        Select
        Disable BFD
        to disable BFD for the BGP peer.
    9. Click
      OK
      .
  9. Configure Import and Export rules.
    The import and export rules are used to import and export routes from and to other routers (for example, importing the default route from your Internet Service Provider).
    1. Select
      Import
      ,
      Add
      a name in the
      Rules
      field. Beginning with PAN-OS 10.0.8, the name of the Import rule can be a maximum of 63 characters. The name must start with an alphanumeric character and can contain a combination of alphanumeric characters, underscore (_), hyphen (-), dot (.), and space.
    2. Enable
      the rule.
    3. Add
      the
      Peer Group
      from which the routes will be imported.
    4. Select
      Match
      and define the options used to filter routing information. You can also define the Multi-Exit Discriminator (MED) value and a next hop value to routers or subnets for route filtering. The MED option is an external metric that lets neighbors know about the preferred path into an AS. A lower value is preferred over a higher value.
    5. Select
      Action
      and define the action that should occur (allow or deny) based on the filtering options defined in the
      Match
      tab. If you select
      Deny
      , you don’t need to define any additional options. If you select
      Allow
      , then define the other attributes.
    6. Click
      OK
      .
    7. Select
      Export
      and define export attributes, which are similar to the
      Import
      settings but are used to control route information that is exported from the firewall to neighbors. The name of the Export rule can be a maximum of 31 characters.
  10. Configure conditional advertising, which allows you to control what route to advertise in the event that a different route is not available in the local BGP routing table (LocRIB), indicating a peering or reachability failure.
    This is useful in cases where you want to try to force routes to one AS over another, such as when you have links to the internet through multiple ISPs and you want traffic to be routed to one provider instead of the other except when there is a loss of connectivity to the preferred provider.
    1. Select
      Conditional Adv
      and
      Add
      a
      Policy
      name.
    2. Enable
      the conditional advertisement.
    3. In the
      Used By
      section,
      Add
      the peer groups that will use the conditional advertisement policy.
    4. Select
      Non Exist Filter
      and define the network prefixes of the preferred route. This specifies the route that you want to advertise when it is available in the local BGP routing table. If a prefix is going to be advertised and matches a Non Exist filter, the advertisement will be suppressed.
    5. Select
      Advertise Filters
      and define the prefixes of the route in the Local-RIB routing table that should be advertised in the event that the route in the non-exist filter is unavailable in the local routing table. If a prefix is going to be advertised and does not match a Non Exist filter, the advertisement will occur.
    6. Click
      OK
      .
  11. Configure aggregate options to summarize routes in the BGP configuration.
    BGP route aggregation is used to control how BGP aggregates addresses. Each entry in the table results in the creation of one aggregate address. This will result in an aggregate entry in the routing table when at least one specific route matching the address specified is learned.
    1. Select
      Aggregate
      and
      Add
      a name for the aggregate address.
    2. Enter the network
      Prefix
      that will be the primary prefix for the aggregated prefixes.
    3. Select
      Suppress Filters
      and define the attributes that will cause the matched routes to be suppressed.
    4. Select
      Advertise Filters
      and define the attributes that will cause the matched routes to always be advertised to peers.
    5. Click
      OK
      .
  12. Configure redistribution rules.
    This rule is used to redistribute host routes and unknown routes that are not on the local RIB to the peer routers.
    1. Select
      Redist Rules
      and
      Add
      a new redistribution rule.
    2. Enter the
      Name
      of an IP subnet or select a redistribution profile. You can also configure a new redistribution profile if needed.
    3. Enable
      the rule.
    4. Enter the route
      Metric
      that will be used for the rule.
    5. In the
      Set Origin
      list, select
      incomplete
      ,
      igp
      , or
      egp
      .
    6. (
      Optional
      ) Set MED, local preference, AS path limit, and community values.
    7. Click
      OK
      .
  13. Commit
    your changes.

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